Papaya :: Health, Food Safety

Our results of PRSV CP digestibility in gastro-intestinal fluids as well as bioinformatic analysis stand shown that the transgene CP protein expressed in Rainbow and SunUp papaia is not allergenic. The PRSV CP is the major protein expressed in Rainbow papaya along with widely used nptII and GUS plant transformation markers. Here we exit discuss about CP protein only as food safety of NPTII and GUS have been addressed elsewhere (24-26). The prediction of allergenicity of novel proteins atomic number 18 based on either bioinformatic and/or experimental approaches (6, 7). Fol embarrasseding the bioinformatics analysis, PRSV CP did not show important relation to known allergenic proteins based on the criterion of an eighter from Decatur amino acid identical match (27). However, we performed more stringent similarity search criterion of a six amino acid personal identity match to the query CP sequences which set only five entries in the SDAP database. Although we determine ver y small number of matches to known allergens based on a six amino acid similarity search, numerous reports indicate that the postgraduate percentage of allergenic proteins identified using this criterion are chimerical positives (31, 32) and thus in practice does not accurately predict allergenic proteins.A computer based allergenicity prediction report by Kleter and Peijnenburg (28) identified a peptide of six amino acids (EKQKEK) shared by PRSV CP and a proposed allergen ABA-1, a protein of the mankind parasite genus Ascaris lumbricoides or the pig parasite Ascaris suum. However, as noted previously by Suzuki et al.(29), the PRSV CP match to ABA-1 is not relevant with regards to allergenicity for several reasons 1) the amino acid sequence is not repeated in the coat protein sequence, therefore it will not trigger the IgE chemical reaction associated with allergens, 2) the ABA-1 proposed allergenic peptide was fix to be not inherently allergenic extraneous the context of oth er Ascaris proteins (30), and 3) it is not among the officially recognized allergens found in the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) allergen database (http//www.allergen.org). An important aspect of assessing potentiality allergenicity is experimental testing for properties common to allergenic proteins such as stability in simulated gastro-intestinal fluids which include SGF and SIF. SGF was developed to represent the conditions in the human stomach (20) and basically consists of the main gastric protease pepsin in low pH medium. Some data suggests that proteins that are susceptible to gastrointestinal digestion are inherently safer than those that are stable especially in terms of allergenicity (5).