To what extent are the problems created by rapid recent urban growth in LEDC’s similar to those created by rapid 19th century growth in MEDC’s?

A heel of fusss in Mexico city return been created by quick urban appendage, some of which be exchangeable to those experience by the UK in the nineteenth century, the check of the industrial revolution.Mexico is situated among Belize and the USA the capital is in the philia of the country and growth is constricted towards the southwesterlyeastward and west collectible to high rugged mountains. Mexico City is built on a series of old lakebeds almost 2400m to a higher place sea level the majority of the lakes in the valley were d rained by the ripe 18th century. Although the lakes were drained in that respect is nevertheless a store of body of water underground, this performer that the metropolis is sinking by 5-40cm per year. due to the city organism built on relatively unstable grounds, the lake sediments amplify quakes experienced in the argona. In September 1985 an earthquake attaind a death toll of 10,000.With an ideal mountain rimmed basin, Mexico City is attached to temperature inversions w here pollutants, particularly from burning fossil fuels argon trapped and displace non disperse, this creates a layer of smogginess over the city. This was a real roughhewn occurrence in UK cities of the industrial revolution, for prototype Manchester.The industrial revolution started in the new-made 1700s when Richard Arkwright introduced the first mechanical textile machines into factor inies. Factories were passing polluting as the machines were run on coal burning fires but at the term this was not seen as a contact as it was a very productive business making manufacturing plant owners very wealthy just as sphereowners were in the sylvan areas of the UK. Growth of the cities followed the introduction of the factories automation of farming had caused large unemployment in homespun areas. Factories needed a workforce and labourers were gainful better in this industry than farming. subsequent came the introduction of the iron industry creating to a greater extent work but also more contaminant for the cities.Mexico City is in a similar stage as this period of the industrial revolution over 40,000 factories in the city provide jobs to the state whilst creating this environmental concern in the process. However if Mexico wants to fix a stable country, which is sustainable, then it demand to go through this process. Unfortunately instantaneously that we no of the problems that pollutants cause it is difficult to discoverer Mexico do this to the environment.Factors explaining growth of a city elicit be divided into pentad main reasons. Firstly economic influence, areas of a city will expand if attractions are in a central office and accessible for service, businesses and shops. The high demand for quad in central areas pushes up piazza and land prices. As businesses increase in size and number the area cover by the CBD will expand, thitherfore cause residential areas to increase in size, a s the workforce of these companies will live nearby. frequently heap bearnot afford to spend a lot of m maveny on act expenses and indeed will live stuffy to where they work to reduce their costs. This mode that you put a high concentration of throng animated in a particularised area. Proximity to certain urban areas mickle affect where plurality live. For utilisation, if a polluting grinder is opened, it may deter pack from existent in that area and inadvertently cause an increase in the number of people living somewhere else. Making the problems beingness experienced here to perhaps bend more severe.Secondly, political control, restrictions may be in place to allow growth in some areas but not others, for example a green fringe system. The purpose of a green blast is to stop building in that area. hugger-mugger companies owning land can determine who they treat land to and who they refuse. Redlining areas can be instructed by political bodies to enforce that people do not live in specialized areas. Redlining an area can simply be done by not allowing soulfulness to borrow money to buy a house in that area.Thirdly, socio-economic segregation, people ofttimes live in areas of similar pagan groups, life style and family types. For example in Mexico City there are circumstantial areas where the elite live and other areas where the lamentable live. The elite tend to be found in areas of wealthy suburbanites in the south west of the city where there is the least(prenominal) pollution, furthest from industries with the best commercial services, rape networks and medical and healthcare options. Where as the poorer world live in the conjugationeast tightfitting to the industrial areas and CBD where there is the worst pollution and 40-66% live in informal settlements.Fourthly, migration, there are a range of healthful push and delineate factors to Mexico City from rural areas in Mexico. Approximately 3000 people immigrate to Mexico City each day from surround states, for example Hidalgo. The push and exit factors can be divided up into economic, political, friendly and environmental.A political depict factor is that education is more available in the city and older children often can attend whilst younger ones work with parents in the informal sector. Political push factors are that there is a lack of raw material services in rural areas, 80% without running water and poor communication theory and that there has been very smallish coronation in projects benefiting subsistence farmers.An example of an economic pull factor is that relatives already living in the city provide networks of information on employment and accommodation, 44% of migrants rely on help such as this to take a shit them started. Some examples of economic push factors include, unemployment in rural areas, large landowners dominate the land and give few benefits to farmers, and rural farmers have variable yields and cannot afford pes ticides.Examples of social pull factors include, lower mortality rates in the city due to more services such as healthcare, glamorised perception of urban life, women are more able to migrate due to greater independence, more opportunities in the city. Social push factors are prevail by the rapid rate of natural increase, which causes stress on the food supplies. there are no environmental pull factors it is well known that Mexico City has one of the worst pollution records in the institution however some rural areas are so dire that it is the only solution. For example 80% of soils are poor and domain to soil erosion and desertification.Finally, natural increase, there is a reduction is the number of people dying and an increase in the number of births, approximately 30/ kilobyte complete(a) birth rate to 10/1000 crude death rate.With the city ripening exponentially, being ten times bigger than it was in 1940 there are a range of problems that are difficult to turn away in a n LEDC. There is no macrocosm transport in Mexico City importation there is 3.5 million privately own vehicles on the alley, this creates congestion throughout the road networks and high levels of carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide are released. With the addition of 40,000 factories producing 12,000 tonnes of gases per day, the mixture of pollutants and cool impart from the surrounding mountains causes a temperature inversion creating a thick layer of smog over the city that is passing bad for your health there is a high incidence of respiratory problems.Similar problems were seen in Manchester in the proterozoic 19th century where factory chimneys and domestic coal fires created a perpetual blanket of smoke and acid rain creating numerous diseases including bronchitis, influenza, asthma and pneumonia. It has been said that alive the air in Mexico City is the analogous of smoking sixty cigarettes a day. In 1994 the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared that the quality of the air in Mexico City was only acceptable on 20 days of the year.Due to the city being built on dried lakebeds where commodious amounts of waste matter has been dumped over the years on open sites there are new problems of winds uplifting dust and bed cover it over the south east and north east adding to the smog situation.As 99% of lakes in Mexico have been drained it means that water has to be pumped from 150km to write out Mexico City with its requirements, 66,000 litres are consumed per second.In the early 19th century Manchester experienced an extremely rapid increase in existence size, while Londons population doubled, Manchesters trebled. In 1811 Manchester had a population of 89,068 by 1851 the population had rise to 303,382 people. This created an extreme problem with availability of house and quality of living standards. Population parsimoniousness was extremely high and many people shared poorly constructed houses with very little sanitation and no water suppl y. This can be seen in Mexico City today, here the population density has risen to 5487 persons per km2 due to the mass numbers migrating to the city on a daily basis and therefore there is not adequate trapping available. This means that shanty towns have genuine where people live in shacks constructed from fold iron and wood. Where people are living in proper houses it often overcrowded, this is 44% of houses in Mexico City.With a large population comes a large waste administration crisis in Mexico City approximately 90% of hazardous waste is release into the sewage systems, which are contaminating the water supply. This has march on affect on the population when the water is used on the growing crops. A result of the contamination is that fruit and vegetables select a high level of lead. numerous babies born suffer some problem caused by lead poisoning.